Delta Modulation is primarily used to:
B
Convert digital to analog
C
Encode analog signals using one-bit difference values
Analysis & Theory
Delta Modulation encodes the difference between successive samples using a single bit.
One major limitation of Delta Modulation is:
B
Slope overload distortion
Analysis & Theory
Delta Modulation can suffer from slope overload when the signal changes rapidly.
Which technique improves Delta Modulation performance?
C
Adaptive Delta Modulation
Analysis & Theory
Adaptive Delta Modulation adjusts step size based on signal variation to prevent slope overload and granular noise.
In Delta Modulation, what is the typical bit rate?
C
Much higher than sampling rate
D
Depends on signal power
Analysis & Theory
Each sample is represented by one bit, so the bit rate equals the sampling rate.
Which of the following is a self-synchronizing code?
Analysis & Theory
Manchester coding ensures transitions that help maintain synchronization.
What does ASCII stand for?
A
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
B
Analog Signal Coding Interface
C
Advanced Serial Communication Interface
D
Automated System Control Interface
Analysis & Theory
ASCII is a standard character encoding for text-based data communication.
BCD code stands for:
Analysis & Theory
BCD represents each decimal digit with a 4-bit binary number.
What is the main difference between synchronous and asynchronous transmission?
A
One uses parity, the other doesn’t
B
Synchronous uses a shared clock, asynchronous uses start/stop bits
C
Only asynchronous uses serial data
D
Synchronous uses audio signals
Analysis & Theory
Synchronous transmission relies on a common clock, while asynchronous uses start and stop bits for timing.
Which transmission is best for continuous high-speed data?
Analysis & Theory
Synchronous transmission is ideal for high-speed, large-volume data due to reduced overhead.
What is the role of a start bit in asynchronous transmission?
C
Signals the beginning of a data byte
Analysis & Theory
A start bit marks the beginning of a character or byte in asynchronous communication.
Which method is used to detect single-bit errors?
Analysis & Theory
A simple parity check can detect single-bit errors.
Even parity means:
A
Number of 1s is always even
Analysis & Theory
Even parity ensures the total number of 1s (including the parity bit) is even.
Which error detection technique can also correct single-bit errors?
Analysis & Theory
Hamming code allows single-bit error correction and detection of double-bit errors.
CRC stands for:
B
Cyclic Redundancy Check
Analysis & Theory
CRC is a robust error detection method based on polynomial division.
Which error detection method is commonly used in network protocols?
Analysis & Theory
CRC is widely used in data communication protocols for error detection.
In Hamming code, how many parity bits are required for 4 data bits?
Analysis & Theory
3 parity bits are needed to correct errors in 4-bit data (7-bit total code).
Which of the following is true for asynchronous transmission?
A
Needs clock synchronization
B
More efficient for large data blocks
C
Uses start and stop bits
Analysis & Theory
Asynchronous transmission uses start and stop bits to frame each data byte.
What is the purpose of a stop bit in asynchronous communication?
C
To mark the end of a byte
Analysis & Theory
Stop bit signals the end of a transmitted byte.
Which modulation technique only sends 1 bit per sample?
Analysis & Theory
Delta modulation sends one bit per sample to indicate increase or decrease.
What does a checksum do in error detection?
A
Fixes errors automatically
C
Detects errors by adding values of data words
D
Adds start and stop bits
Analysis & Theory
Checksum is the sum of all data bytes sent along with the data to detect transmission errors.