Which of the following is a commonly used sterilization agent for surface sterilization of explants?
B
Ethanol and sodium hypochlorite
Analysis & Theory
Ethanol (70%) and sodium hypochlorite (bleach) are used to sterilize explants and avoid contamination.
What is the main purpose of a laminar airflow cabinet in tissue culture?
A
To provide light for photosynthesis
B
To sterilize nutrient media
C
To maintain aseptic conditions during handling
D
To incubate the cultures
Analysis & Theory
A laminar airflow cabinet provides a sterile working environment using filtered air.
Which of the following techniques involves growing plant cells in a liquid medium with continuous shaking?
Analysis & Theory
Suspension cultures involve growing free-floating plant cells in liquid media with agitation.
Which technique is used to fuse two different plant cells after removing their cell walls?
Analysis & Theory
Protoplast fusion involves fusing two protoplasts to create a hybrid plant cell.
What does the term 'hardening' refer to in plant tissue culture?
A
Tissue lignification in the lab
B
Sterilization of explants
C
Adaptation of plantlets to external conditions
D
Preserving cells in liquid nitrogen
Analysis & Theory
Hardening is the process of gradually acclimatizing lab-grown plantlets to field conditions.
Which culture technique allows regeneration of complete plants from embryos in vitro?
Analysis & Theory
Embryo culture is used to grow embryos isolated from seeds, especially in hybrid rescue.
Which plant tissue culture technique is best suited for virus elimination?
Analysis & Theory
Shoot tip culture is effective in producing virus-free plants because meristematic tissues are usually virus-free.
What type of growth regulator promotes shoot formation in culture?
Analysis & Theory
Cytokinins like BAP promote shoot formation and multiplication.
What is the term for the technique that regenerates embryos from somatic or non-gametic cells?
Analysis & Theory
Somatic embryogenesis is the process of developing embryos from somatic cells, not gametes.
Which of the following is a basic requirement for successful tissue culture?
C
Sterile medium, explants, and aseptic environment
D
Field exposure and irrigation
Analysis & Theory
Tissue culture requires a sterile medium, healthy explants, and aseptic conditions.