What is photovoltaic (PV) conversion?
A
Conversion of wind to electricity
B
Conversion of chemical energy to light
C
Conversion of sunlight directly into electricity
D
Conversion of water to hydrogen
Analysis & Theory
Photovoltaic conversion is the process of converting sunlight directly into electrical energy using solar cells.
What is the main component in a PV system that converts sunlight into electricity?
Analysis & Theory
The solar cell is the core unit of a photovoltaic system responsible for converting sunlight into electricity.
Which semiconductor material is most commonly used in PV cells?
Analysis & Theory
Silicon is the most widely used semiconductor material in photovoltaic cells.
What type of current is generated by solar PV modules?
A
AC (Alternating Current)
Analysis & Theory
Photovoltaic modules generate direct current (DC) electricity.
What device is used to convert DC to AC in a PV system?
Analysis & Theory
An inverter converts the DC output from solar panels into usable AC electricity.
Which of the following affects the output of a PV module the most?
C
Sunlight intensity and angle
Analysis & Theory
The intensity and angle of incident sunlight significantly affect the performance of a PV module.
What is the typical voltage output of a single solar cell?
Analysis & Theory
A single solar cell typically produces about 0.5 to 0.6 volts under standard conditions.
What is the function of a charge controller in a PV system?
A
Increase power generation
B
Prevent battery overcharging
Analysis & Theory
A charge controller regulates voltage and current to prevent battery overcharging and extend its life.
What does the efficiency of a PV cell indicate?
A
Color of light absorbed
C
Percentage of sunlight converted to electricity
D
Temperature of the cell
Analysis & Theory
Efficiency is the percentage of incident solar energy that is converted into electrical energy by the PV cell.
Which of the following is a common application of photovoltaic systems?
C
Street lighting and rooftop power generation
Analysis & Theory
PV systems are widely used for applications like street lighting, rooftop power, and remote electrification.